一、片断的句型（Sentence Fragments）：

要确保自己所使用的逗号能串连两个文法正确、意思表达完整的句型，也要小心口语上虽然是两句话，但其实是要用逗号连结的情况。

原始版本：

Tests of the Shroud of Turin have produced some curious findings. For example, the pollen of forty-eight plants native to Europe and the Middle East.

修正版本：

Tests of the Shroud of Turin have produced some curious findings. For example, the cloth contains the pollen of forty-eight plants native to Europe and the Middle East.

原始版本：

Scientists report no human deaths due to excessive caffeine consumption. Although caffeine does cause convulsions and death in certain animals.

修正版本：

Scientists report no human deaths due to excessive caffeine consumption, although caffeine does cause convulsions and death in certain animals.

二、拗口的句型（Sentence Sprawl）：

有时候我们常常因为中文的「因为...所以...」就直接把Because...so...这类同个「等级」的连接词，用在同一个句子中，或者是连结了过长的句子，这都会让英文读者觉得很疲累。

原始版本：

The hearing was planned for Monday, December 2, but not all of the witnesses could be available, so it was rescheduled for the following Friday. [这句话本身文法没有错误，但是阅读起来却十分的拗口不顺]

修正版本：

The hearing, which had been planned for Monday, December 2, was rescheduled for the following so that all witnesses would be able to attend.

三、错置的或者是不恰当的修饰（Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers）：

要记得你用的修饰句要考进你所要描述的主词，也要确保你的修饰句在讲的那个目标有出现在文章或句子中喔！

原始版本：

When writing a proposal, an original task is set for research （这proposal是谁写的？）

修正版本：

When writing a proposal, a scholar sets an original task for research.

四、结构不平行（Faulty Parallelism）：

1.写作的时候要注意前后的句子所使用的时态、句型都要是一致的2.当你要举例的时候，举的例子要是在同样的结构下才不会让人觉得奇怪，例如早餐有豆浆、油条、蛋饼；跟早餐有豆浆、蛋饼、美式早餐（美式早餐是早餐的类型、但是豆浆跟油条是早餐的项目）

原始版本：

The candidateʼs goals include winning the election, a health program, and education.

修正版本：

The candidateʼs goals include winning the election, enacting a national health program, and improving the educational system. （因为后面虽然是接三个名词，但是他们前面的动词都不相同，所以要记得把动词放到这个平行结构中）

原始版本：

Some critics are not so much opposed to capital punishment as postponing it for so long.

修正版本：

Some critics are not so much opposed to sentencing convicts to capital punishment as they are to postponing executions for so long.

五、代名词不清楚（Unclear Pronoun Reference）：

使用代名词可以让阅读的人更加轻松易懂，但是如果使用错误或是不够清楚，就会让人觉得很疑惑。

原始版本：

Einstein was a brilliant mathematician. This is how he was able to explain the workings of the universe.

修正版本：

Einstein, who was a brilliant mathematician, used his quantitative ability to explain the workings of universe. （原先的This 并不知道他指的是什么）

原始版本：

Because Senator Martin is less interested in the environment than in economic development, she sometimes neglects it.

修正版本：

Because of her interest in economic development, Senator Martin sometimes neglects the environment.（原本的it容易让人搞不清楚是environments 还是economic development)

六、代名词的单复数与名词要一致（Pronoun Agreement）：

这是很容易忽略的小地方，代名词的作用是可以让名词可以不用一直重复出现，可是如果单复数没有使用正确的话，很容易会让人疑惑。

原始版本：

When a candidate runs for office, they must expect to have their personal life scrutinized.

修正版本：

When candidates run for office, they must expect to have their personal lives scrutinized.

原始版本：

According to tenets of the “new urbanism,” everyone needs to consider the relationship of their house to the surrounding community.

修正版本：

According to tenets of the “new urbanism,” everyone needs to consider the relationship of his or her house to the surrounding community.（前面的everyone 后面可不是接their喔！）

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